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Omega-3

Selected research topic

Nutrient status

Some measured outcomes improved in human comparison studies. Read these findings with their populations and conditions.

Findings from a combination study cannot be attributed to this ingredient alone.

Some findings concern patients or people with a deficiency.

Publications for this topic
6
Human comparison publications
2
Publications needing review
2

Findings in the studies

  • O3I

    • Comparison result:A better result than the comparison group was reported.
      General population · Separable contribution · 8 weeks
      Measurement and study conditions
      • Controlled human study
      • Randomized trial
      • Separable contribution
      • General population
      • Biomarker
      • Between-group comparison
      • Timepoint: 8 weeks
      • Study comparison: Two weekly fish portions versus nonfish meals and daily EPA+DHA capsule versus placebo capsule in a

  • Omega-3 index

    Human comparison research
    • Comparison result:A better result than the comparison group was reported.

      Several ingredients were tested together, so this ingredient’s individual effect is unknown.

      Patient group · Combination study
      Measurement and study conditions
      • Controlled human study
      • Randomized trial
      • Ingredient combination
      • Patient group
      • Outcome role not specified
      • Between-group comparison
      • Timepoint: unspecified
      • Study comparison: unspecified
    Other human research, including observational studies and reviews
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

      Several ingredients were tested together, so this ingredient’s individual effect is unknown.

      Patient group · Combination study
      Measurement and study conditions
      • Controlled human study
      • Randomized trial
      • Ingredient combination
      • Patient group
      • Outcome role not specified
      • Timepoint: unspecified
      • Study comparison: unspecified

  • greater bioavailability of KO vs. FO

    Research with unclear study subject or type
    • A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.
      General population
      Measurement and study conditions
      • Review
      • Review
      • Unknown intervention
      • General population
      • Outcome role not specified
      • Study subject not identified
      • Timepoint: Chronic administration evidence discussed; exact duration unspecified.
      • Study comparison: Review conclusion is no current evidence of greater krill-oil bioavailability; not evidence of equiv

This result is held for interpretation. That does not mean research found no effect.

Outcome groups needing additional review (1)
  • bioavailability · Distinct papers needing additional review: 1Evidence criteria check: 1

One paper can appear under multiple measured outcomes or review reasons, so these counts should not be added together.

Representative outcome and study details

Partial research summary

Human studies reported between-group improvement in O3I.

These conditions come from related studies and may not describe a single paper.

combination-ingredient studies · Individual ingredient effects cannot be separated · Human studies · between-group comparison

2 publications linked to this result (1 awaiting review included)

  • Study conditions differ; results are shown descriptively and are not pooled.
  • Combination, formula, or class studies do not isolate this ingredient or establish synergy.
  • Some publications have not cleared source or interpretation review.
  • Some papers could not be reviewed, so this summary covers only findings that could be confirmed.
Data coverage and detailed study classifications

Paper counts are separated by research topic below. One paper may contribute to multiple findings.

Analysis status: Public-ready

Ingredient analysis date:

How the grade was determined: C

The 50.0 evidence score includes 1 independent human studies and 1 clinical studies in the representative benefit area. The C tier remains conservative because of the evidence centers on contextual or measured outcomes rather than general-use effects, limited repetition across independent human clinical studies.

The grade is based mainly on the research area with the most evidence. It does not mean the same result was found in other areas.

Papers linked to this ingredient overall: 115

Papers linked to this topic 6 · distinct papers 6 · papers with a confirmed human comparison 2 · papers needing additional review 2

A publication may appear in more than one count. These numbers should not be added. Ingredient-wide papers, topic-linked papers, and sources in outcome groups use different scopes. Adding source counts may count the same paper more than once.

  • bioavailability: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • greater bioavailability of KO vs. FO: Sources represented in this measurement group: 1 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 0
  • O3I: Sources represented in this measurement group: 2 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1
  • Omega-3 index: Sources represented in this measurement group: 2 · Distinct papers with human comparisons for this outcome: 1

What the research found

O3I

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Separable contribution · General population

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

omega-3 index

The study reported improvement in this measurement.

Controlled study in people · Ingredient combination · Patient group

Several ingredients were used together. This does not establish the effect of this ingredient alone or synergy.

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

greater bioavailability of KO vs. FO

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Review · Unknown intervention · General population

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

Omega-3 index

A change was reported, but the comparison could not be confirmed.

Controlled study in people · Ingredient combination · Patient group

Several ingredients were used together. This does not establish the effect of this ingredient alone or synergy.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

bioavailability

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Review · Unknown intervention · General population

The comparison could not be confirmed.

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Review overlap with primary papers is unknown; counts stay separate.

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

O3I

The study needs further checking before its result can be interpreted.

Controlled study in people · Ingredient combination · General population

Several ingredients were used together. This does not establish the effect of this ingredient alone or synergy.

Between-group comparison

Analysis coverage and paper counts

1 paper · 1 measured outcome

1 papers held from direction counts

Direction counts are distinct papers within each row. Outcome contributions count endpoint results, so one paper may contribute more than once.

How to read research findings

How should I read research findings?

Research guides

Side effects and combination findings

Findings from this ingredient alone are shown separately from those involving another supplement or medication.

No combination cautions are available to show in the current data. This does not guarantee safety.

Review 2 combination findings and 0 findings that outperformed an ingredient alone.

Reported improvements with combinations

Combination findings are grouped by how the study compared them. This is not a recommendation to combine ingredients.

Combinations with reported improvement

The combination showed improvement, but each ingredient's contribution is unclear.

비타민 DCombined vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids showed a 31% reduction in autoimmune disease incidence compared to placebo, suggesting a potential additive effect.
알파리포산The combination of omega-3 fatty acids and alpha-lipoic acid showed significant benefits in slowing cognitive and functional decline compared to placebo or omega-3 alone.