Bacopa
Cell studies reported improvement in IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS.
Single-ingredient studies · Cell or in-vitro studies; human applicability unconfirmed · Population not specified · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Immunity
Ingredients connected to immune response and host defense research.
View Immune and respiratory health research
Fiber
Human studies reported a change with no confirmed comparison group in cytokine response score.
Scope not specified · Human studies · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Ginseng
Studies with an unspecified organism reported a change with no confirmed comparison group in SAURIs incidence.
Scope not specified · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Glucosamine
Animal studies reported improvement in inflammatory cytokine concentrations.
combination-ingredient studies · Individual ingredient effects cannot be separated · Animal studies; human applicability unconfirmed · Includes patient groups · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Inulin
Human studies reported between-group improvement in Asthma control.
Single-ingredient studies · Human studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison
Publications for this result: 1
Lion's Mane
Studies with an unspecified organism reported a change with no confirmed comparison group in anti-inflammatory.
Scope not specified · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Omega-3
Studies with an unspecified organism reported a change with no confirmed comparison group in anti-inflammatory actions.
combination-ingredient studies · Individual ingredient effects cannot be separated · Includes patient groups · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Prebiotics
Studies with an unspecified organism reported between-group improvement in CRP.
combination-ingredient studies · Individual ingredient effects cannot be separated · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison
Publications for this result: 1
Probiotics
Human studies reported a change with no confirmed comparison group in Incidence of oral and respiratory tract infections.
Scope not specified · Human studies · Includes patient groups · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Selenium
Animal studies reported improvement in IFN-γ.
Single-ingredient studies · Animal studies; human applicability unconfirmed · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Thiamine
Animal studies reported improvement in rumen epithelium inflammation.
Single-ingredient studies · Animal studies; human applicability unconfirmed · Includes patient groups · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Vitamin A
Human studies reported no clear between-group difference in prevalence of lifetime or current asthma.
Single-ingredient studies · Human studies · between-group comparison
Publications for this result: 1
Vitamin B6
Cell studies reported improvement in CCL2.
Single-ingredient studies · Cell or in-vitro studies; human applicability unconfirmed · Population not specified · comparator not confirmed
Publications for this result: 1
Vitamin C
Studies with an unspecified organism reported no clear between-group difference in duration of mild symptoms.
Single-ingredient studies · between-group comparison
Publications for this result: 1
Vitamin D
Studies with an unspecified organism reported between-group improvement in asthma exacerbation requiring treatment with systemic corticosteroids.
Single-ingredient studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison
Publications for this result: 1
Zinc
Human studies reported between-group improvement in ALRI cessation.
Single-ingredient studies · Human studies · Includes patient groups · between-group comparison
Publications for this result: 1
Other research records (20)
The counts above cover the selected topic only. This section also includes other topics, research without a confirmed comparison, animal or cell studies, and findings whose interpretation is held.
5-HTP
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Ashwagandha
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Berberine
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Biotin
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
A distinct publication count is not available.
Chondroitin
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Coenzyme Q10
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
GABA
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Ginkgo
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Glycine
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Hyaluronic Acid
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Iodine
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
A distinct publication count is not available.
Iron
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
A distinct publication count is not available.
L-Theanine
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
NAC
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Quercetin
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
A distinct publication count is not available.
Riboflavin
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Saffron
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Taurine
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Vitamin E
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
Publications for this result: 1 (1 awaiting review included)
Vitamin K
View Immune and respiratory health researchSome findings are held for review
Some papers have not cleared source or result review, so their findings are not summarized yet.
No confirmed result is available to summarize with study conditions.
A distinct publication count is not available.
How to read this topic
An infection outcome or an immune marker?
Infection incidence, symptom duration, and immune or inflammatory markers are different results. A marker change alone does not establish fewer infections.
Distinguish prevention in healthy participants from adjunctive treatment in hospitalized patients. Mechanistic reviews also differ from human comparative trials.