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arrow_backExplore/Vitamin K
Tier-CPublic-ready6/29/2026

Vitamin K

Blood pressure and vascular health markers is closer to a research marker, so it should be read separately from a directly felt benefit.

The 45.2 score includes research signals from patient or disease contexts. General supplement evidence is not repeated enough, so the C tier remains conservative.

Representative tier calculated from paper evidence that passed the collection audit.

Papers analyzed
142
Caution signal
Low
Context-specific research signal
45.2
Blood pressure and vascular health markersBone, joint, and mobilityImmune and respiratory support

Main benefit evidence

The representative ingredient tier is calculated from these target-level evidence groups.

Blood pressure and vascular health
6 studiesTier-B
Blood pressure and vascular health markers
Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesResearch marker focusPatient-group study

This card is closer to a measured biomarker or lab outcome than a directly felt user benefit. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
58.5
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Bone and joint health
5 studiesTier-B
Bone, joint, and mobility
Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Bone and joint health. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
56.7
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Immune and respiratory health
1 studiesTier-C
Immune and respiratory support
Some positive signal observedFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Immune and respiratory health. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
20.9
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Cognition and focus
1 studiesTier-C
Cognition, memory, and focus
Some positive signal observedFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Cognition and focus. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
20.9
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Exercise performance and recovery
1 studiesTier-C
Exercise performance and recovery
Signal is still limitedFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Exercise performance and recovery. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
12.9
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Recent research

Updated This Month10 new papers

Observed range in repeated studies

This range includes studies in specific patient groups. It is not a general dose or recommendation.

Lower observed study value
5
mcg/day
Higher observed study value
500
mcg/day
Only ranges repeated in human, oral, single-ingredient studies are shown.
Not personal dosing instructions, recommendations, or safety limits.

Side effects and combination findings in studies

Findings from studies of this ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.

Caution index
0.8
Caution band: Low
Caution signals
3
Side effects + combos + curated rules
Key precautions
No curated contraindication rule is available yet, but literature caution signals are shown below.
These are signals reported in studies. They do not predict what will happen to an individual.

Findings to review with care

Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.

Side effects reported when this ingredient was used alone

Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies of this ingredient without another active ingredient.

Adverse effect signal1 papers
An accelerated bone mineral density loss of the 1/3 distal radius was observed after 2 years of MK-7 supplementation compared to placebo.Human studies · Study type not identified

Caution signals when used with another supplement or medication

These studies reported a negative change, reduced absorption, or another caution when substances were used together. They do not predict an individual outcome.

BreastmilkExclusively breastmilk-fed preterm infants are reported to be at high risk of developing subclinical vitamin K deficiency despite intramuscular prophylaxis at birth, due to low vitamin K content in breastmilk.
와파린Drugs used to regulate hyperlipidemia interact with the vitamin K antagonist warfarin as cholesterol and vitamin K share common transport receptors.

Evidence summaries

Paper IDs and full lists are private. Only study types and summaries are shown.

Key Evidence #1
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 425
observational

The EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies sets adequate intakes (AIs) for phylloquinone only, maintaining the reference value proposed by the Scientific Committee for Food (SCF) in 1993.

Key Evidence #2
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 241
observational

The results suggest that cerebral menaquinone-4 originates from phylloquinone intake and that there are two routes of accumulation, one is the release of menadione from Phylloquinone in the intestine followed by the prenylation ofMenadione into menaquin one-4

Key Evidence #3
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 220
review

This review is the first to highlight differences between isoforms vitamin K1 and K2 by means of source, function, and extrahepatic activity.

3 more summariesLimited representative sample by study type.
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Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 196
observational

Current knowledge about the kinetics of different forms of vitamin K, their detection, and their toxicity are discussed in this review.

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 187
observational

A pathway for how VKOR uses electrons from cysteines of newly synthesized proteins to reduce a quinone is proposed, confirmed by in vitro reconstitution of vitamin K-dependent disulphide bridge formation.

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 176
review

There is growing interest in menaquinone (vitamin K2) intakes for which the food composition databases need to be expanded and there is no single biomarker that is considered a gold-standard measure of vitamin K status.

Vitamin K
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