Bone, joint, and mobility is the main area connected here, and any felt benefit should be read together with the human evidence base.
Some human supplement-context evidence is present and directly informs the score.
Representative tier calculated from paper evidence that passed the collection audit.
The representative ingredient tier is calculated from these target-level evidence groups.
Potential benefit studied in Bone and joint health. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.
This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.
Potential benefit studied in Pain and headache. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.
This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.
Potential benefit studied in Digestion and gut health.
This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.
This range includes studies in specific patient groups. It is not a general dose or recommendation.
Findings from studies of this ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.
Side effects reported for the ingredient alone are separated from findings involving another supplement or medication.
Symptoms or adverse events reported in studies of this ingredient without another active ingredient.
Paper IDs and full lists are private. Only study types and summaries are shown.
Compared with placebo, glucosamine, chondroitin, and their combination do not reduce joint pain or have an impact on narrowing of joint space and health authorities and health insurers should not cover the costs.
There was evidence that glucosamine sulphate shows some clinical effectiveness in the treatment of OA of the knee and the proposal that the active substance may be sulphate should be explored further.
CS+GH has comparable efficacy to celecoxib in reducing pain, stiffness, functional limitation and joint swelling/effusion after 6 months in patients with painful knee osteoarthritis, with a good safety profile.
Over 2 years, no treatment achieved a clinically important difference in WOMAC pain or function as compared with placebo, however, glucosamine and celecoxib showed beneficial but not significant trends.
In patients with knee OA with at least moderate subjective improvement with prior glucosamine use, this study provides no evidence of symptomatic benefit from continued use of glucosamines sulfate.
Data indicated that CS and GS do not overly affect cell integrity or bone biomarkers, yet CS and both compounds together increase the expression ratio of OPG/RANKL, suggesting a positive effect on OA subchondral bone structural changes.